Improvement in ladders



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GEORGE, HENRY ELLIS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO AUGUSTUS SALEM DIMSDATE AND EDWARD BOVINE LOVELL, OF SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent 110.112,69?, dated March 14, 1871,-

IMPROVEMENT IN LADDERS.

The Schedule referred' to in these Letters Patent ,and making part of the same.

To all to tvhom these presents shall come:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HENcY ELLIS, of the city :of London, in the county of Middlesex, England,

engineer, have invented certain Improvements in Ladders, 'and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes it from all other things before known, and of the usual manner of making, modifying, and using the same.

lo make my invention easilyfnnderstood, I will proceed to describe the-.same by reference to the aecompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 isa front elevation of a length of ladder constructed vaccording to my invention, with part of another length jointed thereto;

Figure 2, side elevation of saine;

Figure 3, part sectional elevation;

Figure 4, a cross-seotion on line a b of fig. 1;

-Figure 5, a cross-section of pillar on line e l of tig. l; and

Figure 6, section of a round or step on line e f of iig. 1.

Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are drawn to a scale of one inch and a halfto the foot, and gs. 5 and 6 full size.

Similar Aletters are used in all the figures to repre-v sent similar parts.

I prefer to make these ladders in lengths of about Aseven feet, and proceedin the following manner:

I form the sides aa, of the pillars a, of pieces of plain or galvanized sheet-iron, steel, `zinc, or other suitable metal, by preference ot' plain sheet-iron.

In the sides a a are made, in any suitable manner, holes of' the proper shape for receiving the ends of the rounds or steps b b 1) b. y

. The rounds are made circular, with a .web or Hangs, b', at the bottom, out of one piece of metal, as shown in section at fig. 6, the ends being made slightly tapering, if desired.

Near the ends of 'each round a hole is made for the purpose hereinafter described.

The ends of the rounds are driven into the holes made in the sides aa' of the pillars; and a rod, c, iig. 5, (shown also in dotted lines, figs. 3 and 6,) is then passed through the said holes in the ends of the The junction of the different lengths ofv ladder isv effected by male and female sockets, so that the ends of each lengt-h will lit into or over the ends of the next lengths, as shown in lig. 3, in which the upper ends e ofthe pillars are shown made smaller, so aste tinto the lower ends e of the next length.

It' required, the ends oteaeh length are provided with suitable hoops or collars, to give additional strength and security to the joints.

The slide joints are stopped by and supported upon the ends of the top rounds of each length, as shown.

The lengths of ladder being made ot' plain sheetiron may be afterward galvanized, by which means any interstices .at the joints will be thoroughly closed or soldered.

For securing the lengths firmly together, I employ a hook, f, g. l, suspended to the link or S-piece g, fixed to the bottom round of' each length.

Ihe hook j' takes into a hole inthe top round of therlength below, thus rmly securing the two lengths together; or a small slide-bolt, pin, or other contri vancemay be employed for securing the lengths together.

Having now described my invention, What I claim is A sheet-metal ladder formed of the hollow pillars a a, connected in lengths, in combination with the hollow rounds b b and the rods c c, constructed substantially as herein described. A

, In testimony whereof I, the said GEORGE HENRYr ELLIS, have hereto set my hand and affixed my seal this rst day of April, one thousand eight hundred and seventy.

GEORGE HENRY Witnesses: J. H. OoLsoN,

G. F. REDFERN.

ELLIS. [1.. s.; 

